“Human Rights” could be defined to be the rights of an individual and the interest to be protected collectively both at International and National level by the coordinated efforts with the intervention of the States in pursuance of intended objectives and collective wisdom is utilized for formulating basic policies on a uniform pattern which are given recognition jointly so as to adopt and enforce them in the form of so-called human rights and in this process even if there is any conflict of interest among various nations but it occupies insignificant position and having least regard to national boundaries, common consensus is arrived at for the purpose of upliftment of mankind, in general and for improving the lot of downtrodden masses in particular. In this context, it could be rightly said that a man is a human being first and foremost irrespective of where he is born to live and it is indeed a welcome development. The basic problem that arises concerning human right relates to the proper enforcement of “Human Rights Law” and this aspect varies today from State to State. This is indeed so because the first initial step in the direction of enforcement of human rights is very much confined to the national frontiers of the State where the individual resides. It would be certainly justified to presume that so far as the basic job of drafting the human rights is concerned, this job has been successfully accomplished by the efforts of member states of United Nations Organisation but the basic problem has been the effective enforcement of human rights so as to eradicate poverty and improve standard of living of mankind, in general and the worker, in particular. 

This book provides a short cut to the students of the 3/5 year law degree course to enable them to get a broad understanding of the topics that would be covered under the revised syllabus with effect from the academic year 2009-2010. Though every effort has taken to incorporate the developments / amendments on the subject, it may happen that some developments might have taken place subsequent to release of the book for publication. Hence, the readers are therefore advised to study recent amendments / case laws.